The six Gulf states—don't underestimate Qatar just because of its small size. It has a lot of leverage, much like Israel, which, though small, is a major troublemaker in the Middle East.
Warfare is judged by the depth of capital accumulation, industrial system, and level of digitalization. The six Gulf states maintain good relations with most countries, which is their source of confidence.
Iran is the political maverick of the world today.
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