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富国银行分析师:特朗普的关税政策不太可能在“可预见的未来”增加美国制造业就业岗位
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银行巨头富国银行的经济学家认为,特朗普政府的关税政策不太可能在“可预见的未来”将大量制造业岗位转移回美国。
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银行巨头富国银行的经济学家认为,特朗普政府的关税政策不太可能在“可预见的未来”将大量制造业岗位转移回美国。

Sarah House、Nicole Cervi 和 Aubrey Woessner 在一场新分析价格上涨和政策不确定性可能会影响美国企业扩大工资的能力。

“随着下游行业面临成本上升,它们必须决定是消化这些成本并接受更低的利润率,还是通过提高售价转嫁给客户,或者两者兼而有之。这两种方式都不利于就业增长。”

经济学家表示,制造业就业岗位回流可能需要“很多年,而且成本高昂”。

美国劳动力成本是一个障碍。与世界其他地区的劳动力成本差异要求美国制造业企业必须高度资本密集才能在全球市场上竞争。因此,制造业就业的扩张需要大量的资本投入。

为了使制造业就业率恢复到历史峰值,我们估计至少需要2.9万亿美元的净新增资本投资。虽然规模可观,但我们认为这一估计只是下限。新增产能的扩张可能会持续数年,随着资本密集度和通胀的进一步上升,需要更高的投资额。

富国银行分析师还指出,生育率下降和近期移民减少可能会对劳动年龄人口增长产生负面影响。

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